There IS its own twisted logic to Naruto, as much as Teostra would want to hang me for saying that, one just has to get in the proper mindset for it. Ever so often I'm asked for help with custom stuff because I actually can make up those plausible workings behind it >>
As far as doton goes, to my understanding preta path can absorb it only if its pure chakra, such as a mud dragon or something you send at the enemy. If its however something natural like a big chunk of rock you sent flying off the ground, then preta can't do jack shit about it. Same with sand, Madara couldn't stop stop Gaara from binding him (til he busted out susanoo anyway).
Sound jutsus and sound genjutsu, kinda agreeing with Mei, preta path is the most indiscriminate absorber there is so if it can't do it then its quite probable nothing can...plus well, when have you ever worn earplugs that make you completely deaf, lol. Similar to how Dosu owned Choji in chuunin exam, the body and bones in particular can conduct sound rather well still so the waves wouldn't really have to do much else cept hit the head and you'd be as good as hit.
Sound strong enough to deal direct damage is even worse, since even if you argued being able to suck the chakra out of the waves that still would leave the waves behind, and you'd get rekt anyway. You'd be better off countering the waves directly or stopping them altogether.
And as a special addition about meteors Bec, I can't 100% remember if the latest Naruto movie showed the planet actually has a ring or not. If it did however, you wouldn't be so much calling one from outer space or forming it up there cause lolmagic, rather just calling a preexisting one down from orbit with a considerable chakra cost through deva paths attractive forces.